SYSTEM REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Title: Online Burgeons Exposition
Objective:
q
The
application is an online website for a florist. It is a virtual showcase for
different types of flowers.
q
The
aim of this project is to make online shopping very easy.
q
The
purpose is to design a system that automates the activities related to a
florist shop.
Existing
System:
q
In
the present systems, a florist displays flowers and bouquets. A customer need
to visit a shop and purchase flowers.
q
Customers
need to spend some time and effort for this purpose.
Proposed System:
q
The
proposed system is a web based application. The system displays information and
description of flowers.
q
System
allows one to browse through details and make on line purchases.
Study of the system:
To provide flexibility to the users,
the interfaces have been developed that are accessible through a browser. The
GUI’S at the top level have been categorized as
- Administrative user interface
- The operational or generic user interface
The ‘administrative user interface’ concentrates on the consistent
information that is practically, part of the organizational activities and
which needs proper authentication for the data collection. These interfaces
help the administrators with all the transactional states like Data insertion,
Data deletion and Date updation along with the extensive data search
capabilities.
The ‘operational or generic user interface’ helps the end users of the
system in transactions through the existing data and required services. The operational
user interface also helps the ordinary users in managing their own information
in a customized manner as per the included flexibilities.
Feasibility Study:
Feasibility Report:
Preliminary investigation examines
project feasibility, the likelihood the system will be useful to the
organization. The main objective of the feasibility study is to test the
Technical, Operational and Economical feasibility for adding new modules and
debugging old running system. All systems are feasible if they are given
unlimited resources and infinite time. There are aspects in the feasibility
study portion of the preliminary investigation:
- Technical
Feasibility
- Operation
Feasibility
- Economical
Feasibility
Technical
Feasibility:
The technical issue usually raised
during the feasibility stage of the investigation includes the following:
- Does
the necessary technology exist to do what is suggested?
- Do the
proposed equipments have the technical capacity to hold the data required
to use the new system?
- Will
the proposed system provide adequate response to inquiries, regardless of
the number or location of users?
- Can
the system be upgraded if developed?
- Are
there technical guarantees of accuracy, reliability, ease of access and
data security?
Operational
Feasibility:
Proposed projects are
beneficial only if they can be turned out into information systems, which will
meet the organization’s operating requirements. Operational feasibility aspects
of the project are to be taken as an important part of the project implementation.
Some of the important issues raised are to test the operational feasibility of
a project includes the following: -
·
Is
there sufficient support for the management from the users?
·
Will
the system be used and work properly if it is being developed and implemented?
·
Will
there be any resistance from the user that will undermine the possible
application benefits?
This system is targeted to
be in accordance with the above-mentioned issues. Beforehand, the management
issues and user requirements have been taken into consideration. So there is no
question of resistance from the users that can undermine the possible
application benefits.
The well-planned design would ensure
the optimal utilization of the computer resources and would help in the
improvement of performance status.
Economic
Feasibility:
A system can be developed
technically and that will be used if installed must still be a good investment
for the organization. In the economical feasibility, the development cost in
creating the system is evaluated against the ultimate benefit derived from the
new systems. Financial benefits must equal or exceed the costs. The system is
economically feasible. It does not require any additional hardware or
software.
Functional Requirements:
Number of Modules
After careful analysis the system has been identified to have the
following modules:
- Administrator Module
- Supplier module or corporate module
- User Module
- Report Module
1. Admin
Module:
Administrator maintains the entire application.
Administrator can add, delete, edit and view the
details of flowers.
Administrator can also view the customer details.
administrator deals with the orders placed by the customers and makes necessary
arrangements for delivering the flowers.
.
2. Supplier
module or corporate module:
By using
this corporate module third party persons (flower suppliers) can place all
flower details in this portal and also they can maintain list of orders from
users.
3. User
Module:
This module is designed for user interface. By using this module a user
can view all flowers in different categories and one can purchase and send
those flowers to their near and dear ones.
Users can be registered or
unregistered. Registered users get discount. Unregistered users do not get any
discount.
4.Report Module:
By using this module Administrator can generate all reports with details such as number of customers,
number of orders and total number of registered users etc.
Non-Functional Requirements:
Software requirements:
Operating System : Windows
Technology : Core java, Adv Java (JDBC, Servlets, JSP)
Web Technologies : Html, JavaScript, CSS
IDE :
MyEclipse
Web Server : Tomcat
Database : Oracle
Java Version : J2SDK1.5, Tomcat 5.5, Oracle 9i
Hardware requirements:
Pentium
processor : 512 MHZ
RAM Capacity :
1 GB
Hard Disk : 20GB
Keyboard : 108
Standard
Mouse : Optical
Monitor : 15’’
Color Monitor
Input Design:
Input design is a part of overall
system design. The main objective during
the input design is as given below:
·
To
produce a cost-effective method of input.
·
To
achieve the highest possible level of accuracy.
·
To
ensure that the input is acceptable and understood by the user.
Input Stages:
The main input stages can be listed as
below:
·
Data
recording
·
Data
transcription
·
Data
conversion
·
Data
verification
·
Data
control
·
Data
transmission
·
Data
validation
·
Data
correction
Input Types:
It is necessary to determine the
various types of inputs. Inputs can be
categorized as follows:
·
External
inputs, which are prime inputs for the system.
·
Internal
inputs, which are user communications with the system.
·
Operational,
which are computer department’s communications to the system?
·
Interactive,
which are inputs entered during a dialogue.
Input Media:
At this stage choice has to be made
about the input media. To conclude about
the input media consideration has to be given to;
·
Type
of input
·
Flexibility
of format
·
Speed
·
Accuracy
·
Verification
methods
·
Rejection
rates
·
Ease
of correction
·
Storage
and handling requirements
·
Security
·
Easy
to use
·
Portability
Keeping in view the above description
of the input types and input media, it can be said that most of the inputs are
of the form of internal and interactive.
As
Input data is to be the directly keyed
in by the user, the keyboard can be considered to be the most suitable input
device.
Output
Design:
Outputs from computer systems are
required primarily to communicate the results of processing to users. They are
also used to provide a permanent copy of the results for later consultation.
The various types of outputs in general are:
- External
Outputs whose destination is outside the organization.
- Internal
Outputs whose destination is with in organization and they are the User’s
main interface with the computer.
- Operational
outputs whose use is purely with in the computer department.
- Interface
outputs, which involve the user in communicating directly with the system.
Output Definition
The outputs should be
defined in terms of the following points:
§
Type
of the output
§
Content
of the output
§
Format
of the output
§
Location
of the output
§
Frequency
of the output
§
Volume
of the output
§
Sequence
of the output
It is not always desirable to print or
display data as it is held on a computer. It should be decided as which form of
the output is the most suitable.
For Example
·
Will
decimal points need to be inserted
·
Should
leading zeros be suppressed.
Output
Media:
In the next stage it is to be decided
that which medium is the most appropriate for the output. The main
considerations when deciding about the output media are:
- The
suitability for the device to the particular application.
- The
need for a hard copy.
- The
response time required.
- The
location of the users
- The
software and hardware available.
Keeping in view the above description
the project is to have outputs mainly coming under the category of internal
outputs. The main outputs desired according to the requirement specification
are:
The
outputs were needed to be generated as a hard copy and as well as queries to be
viewed on the screen. Keeping in view
these outputs, the format for the output is taken from the outputs, which are
currently being obtained after manual processing. The standard printer is to be used as output
media for hard copies.
SDLC Methodology:
This document play a vital
role in the development of life cycle (SDLC) as it describes the complete
requirement of the system. It means for
use by developers and will be the basic during testing phase. Any changes made to the requirements in the
future will have to go through formal change approval process.
SPIRAL
MODEL was defined by Barry Boehm in his 1988 article, “A spiral Model of
Software Development and Enhancement.
This model was not the first model to discuss iterative development, but
it was the first model to explain why the iteration models.
As
originally envisioned, the iterations were typically 6 months to 2 years
long. Each phase starts with a design
goal and ends with a client reviewing the progress thus far. Analysis and engineering efforts are applied
at each phase of the project, with an eye toward the end goal of the project.
The steps for Spiral Model can be
generalized as follows:
· The new system requirements are
defined in as much details as possible.
This usually involves interviewing a number of users representing all
the external or internal users and other aspects of the existing system.
·
A
preliminary design is created for the new system.
·
A
first prototype of the new system is constructed from the preliminary
design. This is usually a scaled-down
system, and represents an approximation of the characteristics of the final
product.
· A second prototype is evolved by a
fourfold procedure:
1. Evaluating the first prototype in
terms of its strengths, weakness, and risks.
2. Defining the requirements of the
second prototype.
3. Planning an designing the second
prototype.
4. Constructing and testing the second
prototype.
·
At
the customer option, the entire project can be aborted if the risk is deemed
too great. Risk factors might involved
development cost overruns, operating-cost miscalculation, or any other factor
that could, in the customer’s judgment, result in a less-than-satisfactory
final product.
·
The
existing prototype is evaluated in the same manner as was the previous
prototype, and if necessary, another prototype is developed from it according
to the fourfold procedure outlined above.
·
The
preceding steps are iterated until the customer is satisfied that the refined prototype
represents the final product desired.
· The final system is constructed, based
on the refined prototype.
·
The
final system is thoroughly evaluated and tested. Routine maintenance is carried on a
continuing basis to prevent large scale failures and to minimize down time.
The following diagram
shows how a spiral model acts like:
Advantages:
·
Estimates(i.e. budget, schedule etc .) become more relistic
as work progresses, because important issues discoved earlier.
·
It is more able to cope with the changes that are software
development generally entails.
Software engineers
can get their hands in and start woring on the core of a project earlier
Performance Requirements:
Performance is measured in
terms of the output provided by the application. Requirement specification
plays an important part in the analysis of a system. Only when the requirement
specifications are properly given, it is possible to design a system, which
will fit into required environment. It rests largely with the users of the
existing system to give the requirement specifications because they are the
people who finally use the system. This
is because the requirements have to be known during the initial stages so that
the system can be designed according to those requirements. It is very difficult to change the system
once it has been designed and on the other hand designing a system, which does
not cater to the requirements of the user, is of no use.
The requirement specification for any
system can be broadly stated as given below:
·
The
system should be able to interface with the existing system
·
The
system should be accurate
·
The
system should be better than the existing system
The
existing system is completely dependent on the user to perform all the duties.
DFD (Context level Diagram):
 |
Add Flowers
Search
Add to cart
Purchase
Send
Architecture flow :(N-Tier)
N-Tier
Applications can easily implement the concepts of Distributed Application
Design and Architecture. The N-Tier Applications provide strategic benefits to
Enterprise Solutions. While 2-tier, client-server can help us create quick and
easy solutions and may be used for Rapid Prototyping, they can easily become
maintenance and security night mare The N-tier Applications provide specific
advantages that are vital to the business continuity of the enterprise. Typical
features of a real life n-tier may include the following:
- Security
- Availability
and Scalability
- Manageability
- Easy
Maintenance
- Data
Abstraction
The above mentioned points
are some of the key design goals of a successful n-tier application that
intends to provide a good Business Solution.
Definition:
Simply stated, an n-tier
application helps us distribute the overall functionality into various tiers or
layers:
·
Presentation Layer
·
Business Logic layer
·
Data Link Layer
·
Database/Data Store
Each layer can be
developed independently of the other provided that it adheres to the standards
and communicates with the other layers as per the specifications. This is the
one of the biggest advantages of the n-tier application. Each layer can potentially treat the other
layer as a ‘Block-Box’. In other words, each layer does not care how other
layer processes the data as long as it sends the right data in a correct
format.
Fig:
N-Tier Architecture
1.
Presentation Layer:
Also called as
client layer, comprises of components that are dedicated to presenting the data
to the user. For example: Windows/Web Forms and buttons, edit boxes, Text
boxes, labels, grids, etc.
2.
Business Logic Layer:
This
layer encapsulates the Business rules or the business logic of the encapsulations.
To have a separate layer for business logic is of a great advantage. This is
because any changes in Business Rules can be easily handled in this layer. As
long as the interface between the layers remains the same, any changes to the
functionality/processing logic in this layer can be made without impacting the
others. A lot of client-server apps failed to implement successfully as
changing the business logic was a painful process.
3. Data Link Layer:
This layer comprises of
components that help in accessing the Database. If used in the right way, this
layer provides a level of abstraction for the database structures. Simply put
changes made to the database, tables, etc do not affect the rest of the
application because of the Data Access layer. The different application layers
send the data requests to this layer and receive the response from this layer.
4.
Database Layer:
This
layer comprises of the Database Components such as DB Files, Tables, Views,
etc. The Actual database could be created using SQL Server, Oracle, Flat files,
etc. In an n-tier application, the entire application can be implemented in
such a way that it is independent of the actual Database. For instance, you
could change the Database Location with minimal changes to Data Access Layer. The
rest of the Application should remain unaffected
